Article in English – Complete Guide to Ingrown Nails (Causes, Prevention, and Treatments)
Ingrown nails, medically known as onychocryptosis, are a common condition where the edge of a toenail grows into the surrounding skin. This can cause pain, swelling, redness, and sometimes infection. Although ingrown nails can affect both fingernails and toenails, they are most common on the big toe. Fortunately, with the right care and prevention strategies, this problem can be effectively managed.
Causes of Ingrown Nails
Several factors can lead to ingrown nails, including:
Improper nail trimming (cutting nails too short or in a curved shape).
Wearing tight shoes or socks that put pressure on the toes.
Injuries to the nail bed.
Genetic predisposition.
Excessive sweating, which softens the skin around the nails.
Poor foot hygiene.
Symptoms of Ingrown Nails
The main symptoms include:
Pain and tenderness along the sides of the nail.
Redness and swelling in the affected area.
Pus or drainage if the nail becomes infected.
Difficulty walking when the condition worsens.
Home Remedies for Ingrown Nails
For mild cases, home treatments can provide relief:
Warm saltwater soaks – Soak feet in warm water with Epsom salt for 15–20 minutes to reduce swelling.
Proper trimming – Cut nails straight across, not curved.
Cotton or dental floss technique – Place a small piece of cotton under the nail edge to lift it slightly.
Antiseptics and natural oils – Tea tree oil or diluted hydrogen peroxide can help disinfect.
Pain relievers – Over-the-counter medications can ease discomfort.
Medical Treatments for Ingrown Nails
If the nail is severely infected or home care doesn’t work, professional treatment may be required:
Antibiotics – To control infection.
Partial nail removal – A podiatrist may trim or remove part of the nail.
Total nail removal – For chronic or severe cases.
Laser or chemical treatment – To prevent regrowth of the problematic nail edge.
Prevention Tips
Always trim nails straight across.
Avoid tight footwear that presses on toes.
Keep feet clean and dry to reduce infection risks.
Wear breathable socks to prevent excessive sweating.
Use proper nail clippers designed for toenails.
Regularly check feet if you have diabetes or circulation problems.
Ingrown Nails and Special Cases
Children: Often caused by improper trimming or genetics.
Athletes: Sports that involve constant foot pressure increase the risk.
Diabetics: Extra caution is needed since infections can be more dangerous.
Conclusion
Ingrown nails can be painful, but with proper care, they are highly preventable and treatable. Maintaining good hygiene, choosing the right footwear, and trimming nails correctly are the keys to avoiding this common issue. If pain, swelling, or infection persists, seeking professional medical care is essential.